Spelling Rules for Adding "ED" to Verbs

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Spelling Rules for Adding ED to Verbs

Spelling Rules for adding "ED" to verbs


1). The general rule when changing a word (or verb) into its -ED form is just to add -ED to the end of it.

Present form

Past or ED form

Play

played

Wait

waited

Work

worked

Rain

rained

  • They played football in the stadium.
  • I waited for them to invite me.
  • She worked until late last night.
  • It rained all day.

2). If a word ends in an E we just add the D to the end.

Present form

ED form

Live

lived

Love

loved

Smile

smiled

Dance

danced

  • He lived in New York for two years and then moved to Thailand.
  • I loved the surprise you gave me.
  • He smiled when he saw his son.
  • They danced until their feet hurt.

3). When the verb ends in a VOWEL + Y, we add ED to the verb.

Present form

ED form

Play

played      

Enjoy    

enjoyed

Survey

surveyed

Deploy

deployed

  • we played cricket for three hours.
  • I went to my friend's marriage party, so I enjoyed it a lot.
  • The board of Examination delayed the final exam.
  • Govt deployed an army near the border.

4). When the verb ends in a CONSONANT + Y, we change Y to I and add ED to the verb.

Present form

ED form

Cry

cried

Certify

certified 

Copy

copied

Verify

verified 

  • Some of the children cried in their class at first. 
  • I certified my documents from the university. 
  • They copied all of my documents. 
  • At first, she verified her ticket and then went to the airport. 

5). If the word ends in a Consonant + Vowel + Consonant, we double the final consonant and add ED.

Present form

ED form

Stop

stopped

Admit

admitted

Plan

planned

Refer

referred

Commit

committed

  • The policeman stopped the thief from escaping.
  • He admitted that he was wrong.
  • We planned a party for our friend.
  • I referred the students to the website where they had online exercises for practice.
  • They committed a serious crime and will go to jail.

6). If a two-syllable verb ends in a Consonant + Vowel + Consonant, we don’t double the final consonant when the stress is on the first syllable.

Present form

ED form

Happen

happened

Enter

entered

Offer

offered

Suffer

suffered

  • What happened?
  • I entered through the back door.
  • They offered me a new position with a higher salary.
  • Coronavirus suffered many businesses all over the world.

7). We DO NOT double the final consonant when the word ends in W, X, or Y or when the final syllable is not stressed.

Present form

ED form

Fix

fixed

Enjoy

enjoyed

Snow

snowed

  • He fixed his bike.
  • We enjoyed our time in the mountains yesterday.
  • It snowed yesterday.

8). When the verb ends in consonant + vowel + L, we double the final L and add ED.

Note: In the United States, they don’t double the L when the accent is on the first syllable.

Present form

ED form
(UK)

ED form
(US)

Travel

travelled

traveled

Marvel

marvelled

marveled

  • I traveled around South America in 2012.
  • Her beauty marveled us because she was very beautiful. 

 

Irregular verbs

There are some verbs that do not follow the above rules. You need to memorize them. When ‘ED’ is added to a verb, it can be used as a past form of the verb and a past participle form of the verb. Irregular verbs have their past form and past participle form. Here we have some of them in the list below.

Present Form

Past Form

Past Participle Form

Awake

Awoke

Awoken

Bet

Bet

Bet

Become

Became

Become

Come

Came

Come

Do

Did

Done

Drink

Drank

Drunk

Eat

Ate  

Eaten

Fall

Fell

Fallen

Go

Went

Gone

Hear

Heard

Heard

Hide

Hid

Hidden

Keep

Kept

Kept

Know

Knew

Known

Leave

Left

Left

Make

Made

Made

Meet

Met

Met

Pay

Paid

Paid

Run

Ran

Run

Ring

Rang

Rung

See

Saw

Seen

Shine

Shone

Shone

Take

Took

Taken

Think

Thought

Thought

Wear

Wore

Worn

 

 

 

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